Ivan Šubašić

Ivan Šubašić (May 7, 1892 – March 22, 1955) was a Croatian and Yugoslav politician, best known as the last Ban of Croatia.^[1][2]

He was born in Vukova Gorica, then in Austria-Hungary. He finished grammar and high school in Zagreb, and enrolled onto the Faculty of Theology at the University of Zagreb. During the First World War, he was drafted into Austro-Hungarian Army where he took part in the fighting against Serbian forces on River Drina. Later he was sent to the Eastern Front where he used the opportunity to defect to Russians. From there he joined the Yugoslav volunteers fighting within the Serbian army on the Salonica Front.

After the war, Šubašić gained his law degree at Zagreb University, and after that, he opened a law office in Vrbovsko. There he met Vladko Maček and joined the Croatian Peasant Party. In 1938, he was elected to the Yugoslav National Assembly.

In August 1939, Maček and then-Yugoslav Prime Minister Dragiša Cvetković reached the deal about the constitutional reconstruction of Yugoslavia and restoration of Croatian statehood in the form of Banovina of Croatia - an autonomous entity which, together with Croatia proper, included large sections of today's Bosnia-Herzegovina and some sections of today's Vojvodina, which contained a Croatian majority. Šubašić was appointed as the first ban - titular head of this entity, in charge of its government.

The Banovina came to an end together with Kingdom of Yugoslavia, following the invasion of Axis powers in April 1941. Šubašić joined Dušan Simović and his Yugoslav government-in-exile, but before leaving, he refused to authorise the release of a large number of Croatian Communists and leftists, arrested and kept in prisons under his supervisions. Those prisons were soon taken over by the newly formed Independent State of Croatia and its prisoners were later executed by Ustaše.

In emigration, Šubašić first represented the Yugoslav royal government in USA. Gradually, the widening gap between the royalist government and Yugoslav major resistance movement embodied in Tito and his Communist-dominated Partisans forced Winston Churchill to mediate. Šubašić, a non-Communist Croat, was appointed as new Prime Minister^[3] in order to reach a compromise between Tito - whose forces represented the de facto government on liberated territories - and the monarchy, which preferred Draža Mihailović and his Serb-dominated Chetniks.

After publicly rejecting Mihailović, Šubašić met with Tito on the island of Vis and signed the Tito-Šubašić agreement, which recognised the Partisans as the legitimate armed forces of Yugoslavia in exchange for Partisans formally recognising and taking part in the new government. Šubašić kept his post until March 7, 1945, when Tito formally became Prime Minister of Yugoslavia. Šubašić was foreign minister in his cabinet until October, when he resigned, disagreeing with Communist policies of new government.

Šubašić spent the remainder of his life away from the spotlight, dying 1955 in Zagreb. About 10,000 people attended his funeral.^[4] He is buried in Mirogoj Cemetery.^[5]

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